Abstract

While gas dynamics have been studied in local and global numerical simulations for inner regions (<10AU) of protoplanetary disks (PPDs), global simulations applicable to outer regions (>30AU) of PPDs are still lacking. On the other hand, it is revealed in the recent years that the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) is damped or suppressed in a large part of the disk, and hydrodynamic instabilities become crucial to drive turbulence in PPDs. In this talk, I will present our recent results on gas dynamics of outer PPDs through global 2D and 3D non-ideal MHD simulations by Athena++, focusing on the turbulence driven by Vertical Shear Instability (VSI) – one of the most promising hydrodynamic instability in PPDs – under the influence of the non-ideal MHD effects, and the spontaneous magnetic flux concentration that leads to the formation of annular substructures commonly detected with Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA).