Abstract

The spread of anatomically modern humans across the world has been of interest for centuries. Ancient genomes give a unique insight into the genetic variation of pure populations before large-scale modern migrations, as well as allow us to directly observe changes in population structure. This project was based on two low-quality early Neolithic samples from the Russian Far East (Devil’s Gate), associated with the first appearance of pottery and textiles in the area. The preliminary results point towards 9,000 years of continuity in the region, with this sample falling within the range of modern variability – in contrast with Europe, which saw major population movements even after the arrival of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Additionally, our pure sample could be used to pinpoint the origin of the Northeast Asian component in the genetic material of modern Koreans. We found support for the northern component’s ancient origin, as opposed to admixture in more recent, historical times (e.g. from Mongol conquests).