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SUMMARY:Imaging Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - Martin Tik\, Vienna Me
 dical School
DTSTART:20190930T113000Z
DTEND:20190930T123000Z
UID:TALK129364@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:Johan Carlin
DESCRIPTION:Efforts to improve the effects transcranial magnetic stimulati
 on (TMS) rely heavily on deciphering the underlying mechanisms. Neuroimagi
 ng has proven to be very useful in mapping the effects of TMS on brain act
 ivity at the systems level. It complements the knowledge\, which can be ga
 ined from peripheral electrophysiology and behavioral measures. Neuroimagi
 ng methods are rapidly evolving\, and the latest methodological and hardwa
 re developments allow achieving far more specific conclusions on the TMS e
 ffects. In this regard\, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) complements TMS 
 in multiple ways: \n\n(1)	Anatomical images or fMRI acquired before TMS al
 lows for structural/functional definition of stimulation targets (neuronav
 igation). \n(2)	Offline imaging allows for the evaluation of lasting effec
 ts after TMS. \n(3)	Finally\, fMRI during TMS\, i.e. concurrent TMS/fMRI m
 easures the direct TMS-induced BOLD response.\n\nHowever\, classical TMS/f
 MRI setups based on large birdcage MR coils are characterised by low sensi
 tivity at the stimulation target. Using an approach based on a dedicated m
 ulti-channel MR receive coil mounted underneath the MR-compatible TMS-coil
 \, we show that it is possible to obtain high sensitivity functional imagi
 ng data that allows for assessing TMS-induced brain activity on an individ
 ual level. The new setup holds the advantage that image acceleration techn
 iques like parallel imaging (GRAPPA\, SENSE) and multiband imaging (simult
 aneous multi-slice imaging\, SMS) can be used. Practical issues in applyin
 g this method and examples on how to overcome challenges including subject
 -motion will be discussed.
LOCATION:Lecture Theatre\, MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit\, 15 Chau
 cer Road\, Cambridge
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