BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//Talks.cam//talks.cam.ac.uk//
X-WR-CALNAME:Talks.cam
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Carbon Capture from Solid Fuels - Speaker to be confirmed
DTSTART:20110127T120000Z
DTEND:20110127T140000Z
UID:TALK29501@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:18154
DESCRIPTION:*Abstract*\n\nOur continued reliance on fossil fuels and need 
 to reduce our carbon output has led to renewed research into means of capt
 uring carbon dioxide from solid fuels. This seminar will look at three asp
 ects of this process. The first step is the pre-combustion gasification of
  the solid fuel with CO2\, where understanding of the structure and compos
 ition of the fuel is required for enhanced reactivity. Secondly\, the gasi
 fied fuel is reacted using the chemical looping process\, which uses "oxyg
 en carriers" such as iron oxide to produce highly concentrated streams of 
 carbon dioxide and hydrogen during their reduction and oxidation processes
 . Finally\, calcium looping involves the use of solid sorbents based on ca
 lcium oxide to absorb CO2 from post-combustion flue gas and to release it 
 at a pure stream at higher temperature.\n\n*Speakers*\n\n* Marco Saucedo P
 hD student\, Dept. Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology\, University of Ca
 mbridge\n* Wen Liu  PhD student\, Dept. Chemical Engineering & Biotechnolo
 gy\, University of Cambridge\n* Saquib Sultan  PhD student\, Dept. Chemica
 l Engineering & Biotechnology\, University of Cambridge\n\n*Speakers' Abst
 racts*\n\n*Marco Saucedo\, "The Gasification of Solid Fuels and its Releva
 nce to Chemical-Looping Combustion"*\n\nUnderstanding gasification of foss
 il and renewable fuels is crucial to the design and development of process
 es for chemical-looping combustion used for generation of electricity whil
 st capturing their carbon content as a pure stream of carbon dioxide suita
 ble for sequestration\, thus mitigating the effects of climate change. The
  gasification of various solid fuels with CO2 in a fluidised bed has been 
 investigated. The reactivities of the fuels are compared and discussed wit
 h reference to their structure and composition. In addition\, a detailed s
 tudy of the kinetics of a lignite char was carried out showing the effect 
 of inhibition by CO of the char-CO2 reaction. The high gasification rate o
 f the lignite char in CO2 makes it attractive as a fuel for chemical-loopi
 ng combustion.\n\n*Wen Liu\, "Production of Very Pure Hydrogen and Simulta
 neous Carbon Capture"*\n\nHydrogen of very high purity can be produced fro
 m coal using the concept of chemical looping. Iron oxide particles\, actin
 g as an "oxygen carrier"\, are subjected to repeated reduction and oxidati
 on reactions\, to produce a highly concentrated stream of carbon dioxide d
 uring the reduction process\, and a stream of pure hydrogen when the lower
  iron oxide is oxidised by steam above 600 degrees C. The product hydrogen
  is immediately suitable for use in PEM fuel cells\, whereas the highly co
 ncentrated carbon dioxide effluent gas could save the cost of post-combust
 ion separation\, prior to carbon storage. The overall process is exothermi
 c and therefore high-grade steam is produced for electricity generation.\n
 \n*Saquib Sultan\, "Calcium Looping for the Capture of CO2"*\n\nSolid sorb
 ents\, based on calcium oxide\, have the ability to absorb CO2 from post-c
 ombustion effluent streams (the carbonation step) and to release the absor
 bed gas at a higher temperature (calcination)\, ready for sequestration. N
 atural CaO-containing sorbents\, such as limestone\, have been found to lo
 se their ability to capture CO2 with repeated use. Therefore\, synthetic s
 orbents have been investigated in order to improve the durability of these
  sorbents. It has been found that the addition of inert components to the 
 sorbent aid this higher durability.
LOCATION:CRASSH Seminar Room 17 Mill Lane
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR