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SUMMARY:Rothschild Lecture: The Hawaiian Plume: What do Surface Observable
 s Tell Us? - Neil Ribe (CNRS (Centre national de la recherche scientifique
 )\; Université Paris Saclay)
DTSTART:20160215T160000Z
DTEND:20160215T170000Z
UID:TALK64707@talks.cam.ac.uk
CONTACT:INI IT
DESCRIPTION:Co-authors: Ulrich R. Christensen		(MPI fuer Sonnensystemforsc
 hung\, G&ouml\;ttingen\, Germany)\, L. Cserepes		(E&ouml\;tv&ouml\;s Unive
 rsity\, Budapest\, Hungary (deceased))\, N. Asaadi		(Institute for Advance
 d Studies in Basic Sciences\, Zanjan\, Iran)\, F. Sobouti		(Institute for 
 Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences\, Zanjan\, Iran) <span><br><span><br>Th
 e Hawaiian islands are the best known and most studied example of intrapla
 te volcanoes generated by   melting in an ascending mantle plume. Fluid me
 chanical models allow us to explore the link between the intrinsic physica
 l properties of the plume and a variety of signatures that can be observed
  at the surface. We use two complementary models : a full three-dimensiona
 l (3-D) model  with temperature- and pressure-dependent viscosity\, and an
  isothermal &ldquo\;lubrication theory&rdquo\; model. The  full 3-D model 
 allows surface observables to be calculated directly\, while the lubricati
 on model reveals the dynamical scaling laws obeyed  by those observables. 
  Because evaluating the scaling laws is 10^9 times faster than running the
  3-D model\, we can invert them to determine the ranges of plume propertie
 s that are compatible with the observed values of the height of the Hawaii
 an swell\, its width\, and the total melting rate in the plume. Turning to
  the geoid anomaly\, we discuss recent work showing that the geoid/topogra
 phy ratio decreases steadily to the northwest\, indicating that the plume 
 thins the overriding lithosphere significantly . Finally\, we study an ext
 ended lubrication model with a non-Newtonian rheology\, which predicts a s
 well shape that agrees better with observations than a Newtonian model.&nb
 sp\;</span></span>
LOCATION:Seminar Room 1\, Newton Institute
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